Which financial statement shows a company's revenues and expenses over a period?

The income statement is the financial statement that provides a summary of a company's revenues and expenses over a specific period, typically a quarter or a year. It is designed to show the company's operational performance by detailing how much money was made (revenues) and how much was spent (expenses) during that timeframe. The difference between total revenues and total expenses on the income statement indicates the company's profit or loss for that period.

In contrast, the balance sheet reflects a company's financial position at a single point in time, detailing assets, liabilities, and equity but not the performance over a period. The cash flow statement tracks the inflow and outflow of cash from operating, investing, and financing activities, showing how cash is generated and used but not specifically summarizing revenues and expenses. The equity statement explains changes in the ownership equity of the business over a period without directly addressing revenues and expenses. Thus, the income statement is the essential document for tracking and evaluating a company's financial performance during a set period.