What is the purpose of a cover letter?

The purpose of a cover letter is to explain qualifications for a job. This document complements a resume by providing insight into the applicant's skills, experiences, and motivation for the position they are applying for. It allows the candidate to showcase their personality and highlight specific accomplishments that directly relate to the requirements of the job, thus demonstrating how they are a suitable fit for the role.

While summarizing work experience is part of what a cover letter addresses, the primary function is to elaborate on the qualifications in a more personal and engaging way. Listing references is typically not included in a cover letter; references are usually found in a separate document. Introducing oneself is also an aspect of a cover letter, but the primary goal is to connect the applicant's qualifications to the needs of the employer. Hence, the emphasis on explaining qualifications captures the strategic nature of a cover letter in the job application process.